Inquinamento luminoso in Italia
Light Pollution in Italy

by Pierantonio Cinzano

next up previous
Next: About this document Up: References on Light Pollution Previous: Reference List. Part C

Reference List on Light Pollution - Part D

Environmental effects of artificial light and light pollution

N.B. This section is under construction and it collects only  a small and incomplete list of references.

by Pierantonio Cinzano

  1. Anon. 2000, Firefly and Light Pollution, adverse effects on ecosystem, Report of the Astron. Soc. of Wakabadai http://www2a.biglobe.ne.jp/~wakaba/local03e.htm 
  2. Anon. 2000, Seatrout vs. Light Nuisance, Scottish Anglers National Association, http://www.sana.org.uk/light.htm 
  3. Anon. 2000, Artificial light influences on Halibut Fishes, http://miljolare.uib.no/virtue/newsletter/00_09/curr-holm/more-info/halibut.php?utskrift=1 
  4. Anon. 2000, Response to Artificial Light of Mysis Relicta, in Lake Source Cooling Environmental Impact Statement, Cornell University, sec. 2.3.4.3.4, http://www.utilities.cornell.edu/EIS/MysisRelicta.htm#23434 
  5. Able K.P. 1982, The effects of overcast skies on the orientation of free-flying nocturnal migrations, in Avian navigation (Papi and Wallraff eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Heidelberg , 40-49
  6. Albarran, M.T., Dolsa A.G. 1998, La problematica de la Contaminacio luminica en la conservacio de la Biodiversitat (in catalan), I Sessiò de traball sobre la Contaminaciò luminica, Dept. del Medi Ambient, Generalitat de Catalunya, 29 July 1998.
  7. Avery, D. 2000, The Effects of Light on Circadian Rhythms, Sleep and Mood, Dark Skies Northwest Regional Meeting - December 2nd, 2000, www.scn.org/darksky/dec2_00_meeting/avery_abstract.html
  8. Avery, M. , Springer, P.F., Cassel, J.F. 1976, The effects of a tall tower on nocturnal bird migration - A portable ceilometer study, Auk, 93, 281-291.
  9. Avise J.C., Crawford R.L. 1981, A matter of lights and Death, Natural History, 90, 11-14
  10. Backhurst, G. C., Pearson, D. J, 1977, Ethiopian Region Birds Attracted to the Lights of Ngulia Safari Lodge, Kenya, Scopus, 1(4), 98-103, WR 179.
  11. Baldwin, D.H., 1965, Enquiry into the mass mortality of nocturnal migrants in Ontario, The Ontario Naturalist, 3(1), 3-11.
  12. Baird, J., Emery, R.I., Emery, R. 1959, Fall migration: northeastern maritime region, Audubon Field Notes, 13(1), 11-13.
  13. Batt, S. 2000, What Light Through Yonder Window Wreaks—Circadian Rhythms and Breast Cancer, Breast Cancer Action newsletter, 61 (set/oct), also at http://www.bcaction.org/Pages/SearchablePages/B2000Newsletters/Newsletter061A.html 
  14. Beier, P. 1995, Dispersal of juvenile cougars in fragmented habitats. J. of Wildl. Manage., 59(2), 228-237.
  15. Belton P. 1976, Effects of interrupted lights on birds, National Research Council of Canada, Field Note no.73, October.
  16. Ben-Yami M. 1976, Fishing with light, Fishing new books Ltd., London.
  17. Bernard, R.F. 1966, Fall migration: western Great Lakes region, Audubon Field Notes, 20(1),45-46, 50-53
  18. Blask,D.E., Sauer,L.A., Dauchy,R., Holowachuk,E.W., and Ruhoff,M.S. 1999. New actions of melatonin on tumor metabolism and growth. Biol Signals Recept 8, 49-55.
  19. Blask,D.E., Sauer,L.A., Dauchy,R.T., Holowachuk,E.W., Ruhoff,M.S., Kopff,H.S. 1999, Melatonin inhibition of cancer growth in vivo involves suppression of tumor fatty acid metabolism via melatonin receptor-mediated signal transduction events, Cancer Res 59, 4693-4701.
  20. Blough, D.S., 1955, Method for tracing dark adaptation in the Pigeon, Science, 121, 703-704.
  21. Bjorge, R.R., Bird kill in Northwest Alberta, The Canadian Field-Naturalist, 101, 3.
  22. Borg, V. (1996), Death of the night, Geographical Magazine, 68, 56.
  23. Brainard, G.C., et al. 1988. Dose-response relationship between light irradiance and the suppression of plasma melatonin in human volunteers, Brain Research, 454, 212
  24. Brainard, G.C., 2000, Light effects on Melatonin,  Proc. of Int. Symp. on Low frequency EMF, Visible Light, Melatonin and Cancer, May 4-5, 2000, University of Cologne, Germany, www.uni-koeln.de/symposium2000/contrib/#4
  25. Bretherton B.J., 1902, The destruction of birds by lighthouses, Osprey, 1, 76-78
  26. Bruderer, B., Peter, D., Steuri, T.,1999, Behavior of Migrating Birds Exposed to X-band Radar and a Bright Light Beam, Journal of Experimental Biology, 202(9), 1015-1022
  27. Buchanan, B. W. 1993, Effects of enhanced lighting on the behaviour of nocturnal frogs, Animal Behaviour, 45(5), 893-899.
  28. Casagrande, R., Giulini, P. 1983, Illuminazione pubblica e verde urbano (in Italian), in L'albero, l'uomo, la cittá, Proceedings, ed. P.Giulini (Padova: Signum edizioni), 42-44.
  29. Casagrande, R., Giulini, P. 2000, City lights and urban green, in Measuring and modelling light pollution (ed. P.Cinzano), Mem. Soc. Astron. Ital., 71, 55-58.
  30. Clarke, M.R., Pascoe, P.L., 1985, The influence of an electric light on the capture of deep-sea animals by a midwater trawl, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K., 65, 373-393. 
  31. Clarke, M.R., Pascoe, P.L., Maddock, L., 1986, Influence of 70 watt electric lights on the capture of fish by otter trawl off Plymouth, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K., 66, 711-720.
  32. Charron, C.S., Cantliffe, D.J., Wheeler, R.M., Manukian, A., heath, R.R., 1996, Photosynthetic photon flux, photoperiod amd temperature effects on emissions of (Z)-3-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenol and (Z)-3-hexenyl Acetate from Lettuce, J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 121, 488-494
  33. Cochran, W.W., Graber, R.R., 1958, Attraction of nocturnal migrants by lights on a television tower, Wilson Bulletin, 70, 378-380.
  34. Contor, C. R.,  Griffith, J. S., 1995, Nocturnal emergence of juvenile rainbow trout from winter concealment relative to light intensity, Hydrobiologia, 299(3), 179-183.
  35. Cox, J. 1997,  Blinking lights mark scenes of death for birds, Tallahassee [Florida] Democrat Online, 22 September. http://vh1421.infi.net/features/environ/cox/0922cox.htm
  36. Dauchy,R.T., Blask,D.E., Sauer,L.A., Brainard,G.C., and Krause,J.A. 1999. Dim light during darkness stimulates tumor progression by enhancing tumor fatty acid uptake and metabolism. Cancer Lett. 144:131-136.
  37. Dauchy R.T., Blask D.E., et al. 1997, Light contamination during the dark phase in photoperiodically controlled animal rooms: Effect on tumor growth and metabolism in rats, Laboratory animal science, 47 (October), 511.
  38. Dennison, D.S. 1984, Phototropism, in Advanced Plant Physiology (ed. M.B.Wilkins), Pitman, London, 149-162, 
  39. Eisenbeis, G., Hassel, F., 2000, Zur Anziehung nachtaktiver Insekten durch Straßenlaternen - eine Studie kommunaler Beleuchtungseinrichtungen in der Agrarlandschaft Rheinhessens (Attraction of nocturnal insects to street lights - a study of municipal lighting systems in a rural area of Rheinhessen) (in German), Natur und Landschaft,  75, Jgh. (4), 145-156. 
  40. Erren, T.C., Piekarski, 2000, Winter darkness in the Artic- Cancer in the light of the Melatonin Hypotesis, Proc. of Int. Symp. on Low frequency EMF, Visible Light, Melatonin and Cancer, May 4-5, 2000, University of Cologne, Germany, www.uni-koeln.de/symposium2000/contrib/#8 
  41. Fedun, I., 1995, Fatal Light Attraction, Journal of Wildlife Rehabilitation, 18(3), 10- 11.
  42. Feychting, M.,  Österlund B., and Ahlbom A. 1998, Reduced cancer incidence among the blind, Epidemiology, (September), 490
  43. Feychting, M., 2000, Reduced Cancer incidence among the Blind in Sweden,  Proc. of Int. Symp. on Low frequency EMF, Visible Light, Melatonin and Cancer, May 4-5, 2000, University of Cologne, Germany, www.uni-koeln.de/symposium2000/contrib/#6 
  44. FLAP [Fatal Light Awareness Program], 1998, Home Page, www.flap.org 
  45. Flari, V., Lazaridou-Dimitriadou M. 1995, The impact of nocturnal light pulses on the activity pattern of terrestrials snails (Helix lucorum) entrained to a photoperiod of 12 h light: 12 h dark, Canadian Journal of Zoology, 73, 1214
  46. Frank, K.D. 1988. Impact of outdoor lighting on moths: an assessment, Journal Lepidoperists' Society, 42: 63-93
  47. Frank, K. 1991, Outdoor lighting effect on Moths , in IAU Symposium 112 , Light Pollution, Radio Interference and Space Debris (ed. D.L. Crawford), Astron. Soc. of Pacific Conference Series  17, p. 51.
  48. Fraticelli F., Palella A. 1995, Dossier WWF: Svelare la notte, ovvero la riduzione dell'inquinamento luminoso (in italian), World Wildlife Found  Italia, November 1995, D31.
  49. Gaudreau L., Charbonneau J., Vezina L.-P., Gosselin A. 1994, Photoperiod and photosyntetic flux influence growth and quality of greenhouse-grown lettuce, Horticultural Science, 29, 1285
  50. Gauthreaux, S.A. Jr., 1972, Behavioral responses of migrating brids to daylight and darkness: a radar and direct visual study, Wilson Bulletin, 84, 136-148.
  51. Gauthreaux, S.A. Jr., Belser, C.G., 1999, The behavioral responses of migrating birds to different lighting systems on tall towers, Proc. Workshop on Avian Mortality at Communications Towers, 119th meeting of the American Ornithologists' Union, Cornell University, August 11th, 1999
  52. Gladgelter, H.L., 1966, Nocturnal Behavior of White-tailed Deer in the Hatter Creek Enclosure, M.S. thesis, University of Idaho, 63p. 
  53. Graber, R.R., 1968, Nocturnal migration in Illinois-Different points of view, Wilson Bulletin, 80, 36-71.
  54. Grunbaum, A., Orgel L. 1998, Birds and prisons--an unlikely pairing, Friends of Grays Harbor, FOGH, 4 January , http://www.crcwater.org/issues2/foghbirds.html 
  55. Hahn, R.A. 1998, Does blindness protect against cancers?, Epidemiology, 9 (September).
  56. Hausmann A., 1992, Untersuchungen zum Massensterben von Nachtfaltern an Industriebeleuchtungen (Lepidoptera, Macroheterocera), Atalanta, 23 (3/4): 411-416. 
  57. Herbert, A.D., 1970, Spatial Disorientation in Birds, Wilson Bulletin, 82, 400-419.
  58. Hopkins, W., Hillman, W. 1965, Response of excited Avena coleoptile segments to red and far-red light, Planta, 65, 157-166.
  59. Humphrey-Smith, I. 1982, Survival of Captive Microchiroptera Feeding on Prey Attracted to Artifical Lights, in The Management of Australian Mammals in Captivity, ed. D. D. Evans, 164-171.
  60. Ishikawa, T. et al. 1999, DCRY is a Drosophila photoreceptor protein implicated in light entrainment of circadian rhythm, Gene Cells, 1, 57-63.
  61. Johnson, C.F., Brown, C.S., Wheeler, R.M., Sager, J.C., Chapman, D.K., Deitzer, G.F., 1996, Infrared light-emitting Diode radiation causes gravitropic and morphological effects in Dark-Grown Oat Seedlings, Photochem. Photobiol., 63, 238-242
  62. Kelly, J.M., Lagarias, J.C. 1985, Photochemistry of 12 kilodalton Avena phytochrome under constant illumination in vitro, Biochemistry, 24, 6003-6010.
  63. Kemper, C.A., 1964, A tower for TV, 30.000 dead birds, Audubon Magazine, 66, 89-90.
  64. Koller M., Haerma M., Lailinen J.T.,Kundi M., 1994, Different patterns of light exposure in relation to melatonin and cortisol rhythms and sleep of night workers, Journal of Pineal Research, 16, 127
  65. Kochevar, R. E. 1998. Effects of Artificial Light on Deep Sea Organisms: Recommendations for ongoing use of artificial lights on deep sea submersibles. Technical Report to the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Research Activity Panel, January, 1998, http://bonita.mbnms.nos.noaa.gov/Research/techreports/TRKOCHEVAR.HTML 
  66. Larkin, R.P., Frase, B.A., 1988, Circular paths of birds flying near a broadcasting tower in cloud, Journal of Comparative Psychology, 102, 90-93.
  67. Laval, P., Baussant, T., 1990, Effect of the lights from an approaching submersible on the 15kHz deep scattering layer in the Ligurian Sea (Mediterranean), C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. 311, Series III, 181 - 186.
  68. Lewy, A.J., et al. 1980, Light suppresses melatonin secretion in humans, Science, 210 (Dec. 12), 1267.
  69. Loew, E.R., 1976, Light, and photoreceptor degeneration in the Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus (L.), Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 193, 31 - 44.
  70. Loughrin, J.H., hamilton-kemp, T.R., Andersen, R.A., Hildebrand, D.F., 1990, Volatiles from flowers of Nicotiana Silvestris, N. otophora and malus domestica: Headspace component and day/night changes in their relative concentrations, Photochemistry, 29, 2473-2477.
  71. Martin, G.R., 1990, The visual problems of nocturnal migration, Bird Migration, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 185-197. 
  72. McAndrew, B., 1994, Office tower lights, poor cloud cover lure birds to death, Toronto Star, Saturday September 10th, page A4.
  73. Meyer-Rochow, V.B., 1994, Light-induced damage to photoreceptors of spiny lobsters and other crustaceans, Crustaceana, 67(1), 95 - 109
  74. Milius, S. 1999, Nocturnal spider favors artificial lights, Science News, 155(26), 407.
  75. Moore, M.V., S.M. Pierce, H.M. Walsh, S.K. Kvalvik, and J.D. Lim. 1999, Urban light pollution alters the die vertical migration of Daphnia, Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol., in press. 
  76. Moore et al. 2001, in Proceedings of the Int. Assoc. of Teorhetical and Applied Limnology, in press.
  77. Nein, R., A Robin uses artificial light for feeding at night, Beitraege zur Naturkunde der Wetterau, 9(2), 213.
  78. Nilsson, H.L., Lindstrom, M., 1983, Retinal damage and sensitivity loss of a light-sensitive crustacean compound eye (Cirolana borealis), Electron microscopy and electrophysiology, J. Exp. Biol., 107, 277-292.
  79. Nikolaus, G. 1980, An Experiment to Attract Migrating Birds with Car Headlights in the Chyulu Hills, Kenya, Scopus, 4(2), 45-46
  80. Nikolaus, G., Pearson, D.J.  1983, Attraction of Nocturnal Migrants to Car Headlights in the Sudan Red Sea Hills, Scopus, 7(1), 19-20.
  81. Oko, D., 2000, Bright Lights, Big Kitties, Daily Grist, Nov 13th, 2000. http://www.gristmagazine.com/grist/maindish/oko111300.stm 
  82. Quinn, G.E., Shin, C.H., Maguire M.G., Stone R.A. 1999, Myopia and ambient lighting at night, Nature, 399, 113-114
  83. Pascoe, P.L. 1990, Light and capture of marine animals, in: Herring, P.J., Campbell, A.K., Whitfield, M. and Maddock, L. (eds), Light and Life in the Sea, Cambridge Univ. Press, 357 pp.
  84. Peters, A., Verhoeven, K. J. F., 1994, Impact of artificial lighting on the seaward orientation of hatchling loggerhead turtles, Journal of Herpetology, 28(1), 112- 114.
  85. Petersen, Ali 2001, Night lights, American Scientist, Science Observer, Jan/Feb 2001 also at www.sigmaxi.org/amsci/Issues/Sciobs01/sciobs0101nightlights.html 
  86. Raloff, J. 1998, Does light have a dark side? Nighttime illumination might elevate cancer risk, Science News Online, v.154, no. 16 on line at http://www.sciencenews.org/archives/19981017/bob1.asp 
  87. Randall, C., 2000, The Control of the Timing of Seasonal Reproduction in Salmonid Fish, The reproduction and genetics group, http://www.stir.ac.uk/Departments/NaturalSciences/Aquaculture/Rep&Gen/RepArt.html#4 
  88. Ranford, R.B., Mason, J.E., 1967, Nocturnal migrants mortalities at the Toronto-Dominion Centre, The Ontario Field Biologist, 23, 26-29.
  89. Reed J.R., Sincock J.L., Hailman J.P. 1985, Light attraction in endangered procellariiform birds: reduction by shielding upward radiation, The Auk, 102, 377-383
  90. Reed, J. R., 1985, Seabird Vison: Spectral Sensivity and Light Attraction Behavior, Ph. D. Thesis, Univ. Wisconsin (Madison), 200p. 
  91. Reed, J. R., 1985, Seabird Vison: Spectral Sensivity and Light Attraction Behavior,. Abstract in Int. B. Sci. Eng., 47(4), 1452. 
  92. Reed, J. R., 1987, Polatizing Filters Fail to Reduce Light Attraction in Newell's Shearwaters, Wildlife Society Bulletin, 15(4), 596-598. 
  93. Roenneberg, T., Foster, R.G., 1997, Twilight times: light and the circadian system, Photochem. Photobiol., 66, 549-561.
  94. Rohrbaugh, R. W. Jr., Yahner, R. H., 1997, Effects of Macrohabitat and Microhabitat on Nest-box Use and Nesting Success of American Kestrels, Wilson Bulletin, 109(3), 410-423.
  95. Roman A.  1995, Inquinamento luminoso e probabili effetti sulle piante (in italian), Thesis, Univ. Padova. 
  96. Roman A., Cinzano P.,  Giacometti G. M.,Giulini P. 2000, Light pollution and possible effects on higher plants, in Measuring and modelling light pollution (ed. P.Cinzano), Mem. Soc. Astron. Ital., 71, 59-70.
  97. Ross, R.C., 1946, People in glass houses should draw their shades, Condor, 48, 142.
  98. Rydell, J., Baagoe, H. J. 1996, Street lamps increase bat predation on moths, Entomologisk Tidskrift, 117(part 4), 129-135.
  99. Koller, M., Haerma, M., Lailinen, J.T., Kundi, M., 1994, Different patterns of light exposure in relation to melatonin and cortisol rhythms and sleep of night workers, Journal of Pineal Research, 16, 127.
  100. Salisbury, F.B., 1992, Limiting factors and maximum yelds: a controlled ecological life-support system (CELSS): in Plant Physiology, eds. Salisbury F.B., Ross, C.W., Wadsworth  Publ., Belmont, CA.
  101. Salmon, M., Reiners, R. et al., 1995, Behavior of loggerhead sea turtles on an urban beach, I. Correlates of nest placement, Journal of Herpetology, 29(4), 560-567.
  102. Salmon, M., Tolbert, M. G. et al. 1995, Behavior of loggerhead sea turtles on an urban beach. II. Hatchling orientation, Journal of Herpetology, 29(4), 568-576.
  103. Salmon, M., Witherington B. E., 1995, Artificial lighting and seafinding by loggerhead hatchlings: Evidence for lunar modulation, Copeia 1995(4), 931-938.
  104. Schaefer, E., Marchal, B., Marme', D. 1972, In vivo measurements of the phytochrome photostationary state in far red light, Photochem. Photobiol., 15, 457-464
  105. Spudic, J., Briggs, W., 2000, Photosensory receptors and signal transduction, Barga, Italy, 30th April-5th May, http://www.grc.uri.edu/programs/2000/photosen.htm 
  106. Stevens, R.G., The Melatonin Hypotesis: Circadian Disruption and Breast Cancer,  Proc. of Int. Symp. on Low frequency EMF, Visible Light, Melatonin and Cancer, May 4-5, 2000, University of Cologne, Germany, www.uni-koeln.de/symposium2000/contrib/#2 
  107. Stutte, G.W., Yorio, N.C., Wheeler, R.M., 1996, Interacting effects of photoperiod and photosyntetic photon flux on Net carbon Assimilation and Starch Accumulation in Potato Leaves, (?unknown reference)
  108. Svensson, A. M.,Rydell J. 1998, Mercury vapour lamps interfere with the bat defence of tympanate moths (Operophtera spp.; Geometridae), Animal Behaviour, 55(1), 223-226
  109. Swinney, G.N., M.R. Clarke, Maddock, L., 1986, Influence of an electric light on the capture of deep-sea fish in Biscay, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K., 66, 483 - 496.
  110. Telfer T.C., Sincock, J.L.,Byrd G.V., Reed, J.R. 1987, Attraction of Hawaiian seabirds to lights: conservation efforts and effects of moon phases, Wildlife Society Bulletin, 15, 406-413.
  111. Terres, J.K., 1956, Reducing airport hazards to migrating birds will help prevent death in the night, Audubon Magazine, Jan/Feb, 18-22.
  112. Trapp, J.L. Birds kills at towers and other human-made structures: an annotated partial bibliography  (1960-1998), Office of Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service http://migratorybirds.fws.gov/issues/tower.html 
  113. Upgren, A. R. 1996, Night blindness: Light pollution is changing astronomy, the environment, and our experience of nature, The Amicus Journal  Winter, 2225.
  114. Vanderhoef, L.N., Quail, P.H., briggs, W.P., 1979, Red light inibited mesocotyl elongation in maize seedlings, Plant Physiol., 63, 1062-1067.
  115. Verheijen, F. J. 1958, The mechanisms of the trapping effect of artificial light sources upon animals, Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 13, 1-107. 
  116. Verheijen F.J. 1981, Birds killed at lighted man-made structures: not on night close to full moon, American birds, 35, 251-254
  117. Verheijen F.J. 1985, Photopollution: Artificial light optic spatial control systems fail to cope with. Incidents, causations, remedies, Experimental Biology, 44, 1-18
  118. Verkasalo, P.K., Pukkala, E., Stevens, R.G., Ojamo, M., Rudanko, S.L., Visual Impairment and Cancer in Finland,  Proc. of Int. Symp. on Low frequency EMF, Visible Light, Melatonin and Cancer, May 4-5, 2000, University of Cologne, Germany, www.uni-koeln.de/symposium2000/contrib/#7 
  119. Weir, R.D., 1976, Annotated bibliography of bird kills at man-made obstacles: a review of the state of the art and solutions, Department of Fisheries and the Environment, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ontario Region.
  120. Welch, D., 1998, Air Issues and Ecosystem Protection, A Canadian National Parks Perspective, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 49(2-3), 251-262.
  121. Wiltschko, W., Munro, U., Ford, H., Wiltschko, R., 1993, Red light disrupts magnetic orientation of migratory birds, Nature, 364, 525-527
  122. Witherington, B.E., Bjorndal, K.A. 1991, Influences of artificial lighting on the seaward orientation of hotchling loggerhead turtles, Biol. Conserv., 55, 139-149.
  123. Witherington, B.E. 1992, Behavioral responses of nesting sea turtles to artificial lighting, Herpetologica, 48, 31-39
  124. Witherington, B. E., Erik, M. R., 1996, Understanding, Assessing, and Resolving Light-Pollution Problem on Sea Turtle Nesting Beaches, Florida Marine Research Institute Technical Reports 0(2) I-IV, 1-73.
  125. Witherington, B.E. 1997, The problem of photopollution for sea turtles and other nocturnal animals,  in (J.R. Clemmons and R. Buchholz eds.) Behavioral approaches to conservation in the wild, Cambridge University Press, New York,  303-327.
  126. Whitmore, D., Foulkes, N.S., Sassone-Corsi, P., 2000, Light acts directly on organs and cells in culture to set the vertebrate circadian clock, Nature, 404, 87-91.
  127. WWF 1996, Collision Course: the hazard of lighted structures and windows to migrating birds, Special Report for World Wildlife Found Canada and the Fatal Light Awareness Program, September also on-line at http://www.flap.org/home2.htm 
  128. Yakobi, V. E., 1978, Do the Plane Landing Lights Attract or Scare Headlights at Night?, Zool. Zh., 57(2), 304-306 (in Russian with English Summaries)
  129. Zanotti, F., 1998, Migrazioni notturne (in italian), Coelum, special issue, summer 1998.
  130. Zeng, H., Qian, Z., Meyers, M.P.,Rosbash, M., 1996, A light-entrainment mechanism for the Drosophila circadian clock, Nature, 380, 129-135.

next up previous
Next: About this document Up: References on Light Pollution Previous: Reference List. Part C

  Light Pollution in Italy Home Page